New Ovarian Cancer Hope for Women

Scientists Bring Early Detection Closer Scientists at the Pacific Northwest Research Institute (PNRI) in 
Seattle announced a new biomarker for ovarian cancer today.  
Their discovery promises improved diagnosis of the disease,
which usually remains hidden until it is too late for effective treatment.

In the July 1 issue of Cancer Research, the researchers describe a
molecule, HE4, associated with ovarian cancer cells.  Because the molecule is
secreted readily into the blood, its presence should be detectable when simple
and inexpensive clinical blood tests are developed.

"Many cancers have a high cure rate if diagnosed early," Dr. Ingegerd
Hellstrom, a principal scientist at PNRI and the lead author of the new paper,
says.  "But not if diagnosed late.  Unfortunately, ovarian carcinoma is most
often diagnosed when it is already in an advanced stage.  Even after surgery
and chemotherapy, relapses are common."

According to the American Cancer Society, the survival statistics are
dismal.  Three out of four cases of ovarian cancer are diagnosed in late
stages.  Last year alone, nearly 14,000 women died of the disease

.
The best currently available diagnostic test for ovarian cancer is CA125.
It is useful in diagnosing late stage cancers, and in detecting the recurrence
of tumors after chemotherapy and radiation.  But it is not very effective in
identifying early stage disease. 

 It also sometimes indicates the presence of
ovarian cancer where there is none.  Such "false positive" results lead to
dangerous, expensive, and unnecessary treatment.

In the Cancer Research study, the new biomarker, HE4, proved to be at
least as effective as CA125.  And where no false positive results occurred,
HE4's sensitivity to ovarian carcinoma was 40% higher than that of CA125.

"I'm very anxious to do something for patients," Hellstrom says.  But
there is much work to be done, laboratory studies with larger numbers of serum
samples, and commercial development to design effective clinical applications
of the research.  The possibility that a simple and inexpensive blood test can
be developed for clinical use is already being studied in a licensing
agreement with Fujirebio Diagnostics Incorporated, the creator of CA125.

"Still, this is a step in the right direction," Hellstrom says.  "And we
are working as passionately and creatively as we can, to curtail this terrible
disease."